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| seating_capacity = | main_contractor = Civil & Civic (level 1), M.R. Hornibrook (level 2 and 3 and interior) | architect = Jørn Utzon | structural_engineer = Ove Arup & Partners | awards = | url = | embedded = | references = Coordinates〔Topographic maps 1:100000 9130 Sydney and 1:25000 91303N Parramatta River〕 }} The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts centre in Sydney, Australia. It is situated on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour, close to the Sydney Harbour Bridge, and adjacent to the Sydney central business district and the Royal Botanic Gardens, between Sydney Cove and Farm Cove. Designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon, the building was formally opened on 20 October 1973, by Queen Elizabeth II.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Sydney Opera House Official Site )〕 after a gestation beginning with Utzon's 1957 selection as winner of an international design competition. The government of New South Wales, led by the premier, Joseph Cahill, authorised work to begin in 1958 with Utzon directing construction. The government's decision to build Utzon's design is often overshadowed by circumstances that followed, including cost and scheduling overruns as well as the architect's ultimate resignation.〔(Tobias Faber "Jørn Utzon" ), ''Kunstindekx Danmark & Weilbachskunstnerleksikon''. Retrieved 18 September 2011.〕 Though its name suggests a single venue, the building comprises multiple performance venues which together are among the busiest performing arts centres in the world—hosting over 1,500 performances each year attended by some 1.2 million people. The venues are used for a wide range of performances, produced both in-house and by numerous performing arts companies, including four key resident companies: Opera Australia, The Australian Ballet, the Sydney Theatre Company and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. As one of the most popular visitor attractions in Australia, more than seven million people visit the site each year, with 300,000 people participating annually in a guided tour of the facility.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sydneyoperahouse.com/about/corporate/annual_reports.aspx )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sydneyoperahouse.com/uploadedFiles/About_Us/Corporate_Information/Annual_Report/SOH-Annual-report-2009_vision-and-goals.pdf )〕 The Sydney Opera House is identified as one of the 20th century's most distinctive buildings and one of the most famous performing arts centres in the world,〔(Statement of Values for Sydney Opera House National Heritage Listing ).〕 It is managed by the Sydney Opera House Trust, under the auspices of the New South Wales Ministry of the Arts. The Sydney Opera House became a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 28 June 2007. ==Description== The facility features a modern expressionist design, with a series of large precast concrete "shells",〔(Shells of the Sydney Opera House ), The Royal Society of New South Wales 〕 each composed of sections of a sphere of radius,〔("Roof Cladding of the Sydney Opera House", Journal and Proceedings of The Royal Society of New South Wales, Volume 106 Parts 1 and 2, pp. 18–32, issued 21 November 1973 (Note: The paper is contradictory, giving both radius and diameter as over 246 ft. It is unlikely to be the diameter as the building's height of 213 ft makes that illogical.) ) 〕 forming the roofs of the structure, set on a monumental podium. The building covers of land and is long and wide at its widest point. It is supported on 588 concrete piers sunk as much as below sea level. Although the roof structures are commonly referred to as "shells" (as in this article), they are precast concrete panels supported by precast concrete ribs, not shells in a strictly structural sense.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work=Tom Fletcher )〕 Though the shells appear uniformly white from a distance, they actually feature a subtle chevron pattern composed of 1,056,006 tiles in two colours: glossy white and matte cream. The tiles were manufactured by the Swedish company Höganäs AB which generally produced stoneware tiles for the paper-mill industry. Apart from the tile of the shells and the glass curtain walls of the foyer spaces, the building's exterior is largely clad with aggregate panels composed of pink granite quarried at Tarana. Significant interior surface treatments also include off-form concrete, Australian white birch plywood supplied from Wauchope in northern New South Wales, and brush box glulam. Of the two larger spaces, the Concert Hall is in the western group of shells, the Joan Sutherland Theatre in the eastern group. The scale of the shells was chosen to reflect the internal height requirements, with low entrance spaces, rising over the seating areas up to the high stage towers. The smaller venues (the Drama Theatre, the Playhouse and the Studio) are within the podium, beneath the Concert Hall. A smaller group of shells set to the western side of the Monumental Steps houses the Bennelong Restaurant. The podium is surrounded by substantial open public spaces, and the large stone-paved forecourt area with the adjacent monumental steps is regularly used as a performance space. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sydney Opera House」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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